假鹰爪鲜花挥发油成分研究

The Component of Volatile Oils from the Fresh Flowers of Desmos chinensis

分别利用顶空固相微萃取法(Head Space-Solid phase microextraction,HS-SPME)和水蒸汽蒸馏法提取了黄色假鹰爪鲜花的挥发油成分,用气-质联用技术(GC-MS)对挥发油成分进行了分析,对比了两种提取方法得到的黄色假鹰爪鲜花挥发油成分的异同。顶空固相微萃取法得到的黄色假鹰爪鲜花挥发油成分中芳樟醇(46.19%),香茅醇(3.97%),反-香叶醇(4.21%),香叶酸甲酯(26.64%),(2Z)-3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯酸乙酯(3.40%)五种物质的含量较高,其中三种醇类物质占总挥发油的54.37%;两种酯类物质占总挥发油的30.04%。水蒸汽蒸馏法得到的黄色假鹰爪鲜花挥发油成分中β-石竹烯(31.76%),α-石竹烯(8.63%),大根香叶烯D(4.65%),匙叶桉油烯醇(4.44%),α-石竹烯氧化物(12.98%)五种物质的含量较高。另外,通过对比发现不同生长期假鹰爪鲜花虽然香味差别较大,但是由水蒸汽蒸馏油得到的挥发油成分的种类及含量基本相同。

Volatile oils of fresh flowers from Desmos chinensis were extracted respectively by Head Space-Solid phase microextraction （HS-SPME） and steam distillation （SD）. Then the components of volatile oils extracted by two methods were analyzed by GC-MS. The differences of the volatile oils from the flowers of Desmos chinensis extracted by two methods were compared. The main components of the volatile oils extracted by HS-SPME were linalol （46.19%）, cephrol （3.97%）, trans-geraniol （ 4.21% ）, methyl geranate （ 26.64% ） and ethyl （2Z） -3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienoate （ 3.4% ）, the contents of three alcohols and two esters were 54.37% and 30.04% respectively. The main components of the volatile oils extracted by SD were β-caryophyllene （31. 76%）, α-caryophyllene （8. 63%）, germacrene D （4.65%） ,spathulenol （4.44%）, and α-caryophyllene oxide （ 12.98% ）. The analysis indicated that there was little difference on the components and contents of volatile oils from the fresh flowers of Desmos chinensis in different period of growth, although the difference of their smell was obvious.