广东省城乡残疾人社会参与状况的比较

A comparative study on the status of social participation of people with disabilities in urban and rural areas in the province of Guangdong

目的:对广东省各类残疾人的社会参与状况进行分析,探讨城乡之间各类残疾人社会参与状况的异同,并提出相应的康复对策。方法:采用广东省第二次全国残疾人抽样调查中WHO-DAS Ⅱ分项目残疾人社会参与评定的数据进行等级资料的统计分析。结果:总体上,乡村各类残疾人比城市所占比例大,社会参与较为困难。城市与乡村视力、言语、智力残疾人的社会参与能力的等级差异无显著性意义;听力、肢体及精神残疾人的社会参与能力的等级差异有显著性意义。结论:广东省绝大多数各类残疾人均存在不同程度的社会参与局限,尤其是乡村残疾人数量多、比例大,是今后康复工作的主要对象。建议完善三级康复网络,建立社区卫生服务中心及新农合康复站,以及重大专项疾病的防治康复网。

Objective：To identify the differences in the status of social participation of people with disabilities（PWD） in urban and rural areas in the province of Guangdong,and consequently, to seek out the corresponding strategies of rehabilitation for the PWD concerned. Method： Statistics and analysis were made on the data collected from the province of Guangdong in the Second National Sampling Survey of PWD in 2006, with particular concern on the results of the assessment of social participation of WHO-DAS Ⅱ subentries as listed by different categories of disabilities. Result： As a whole, the proportion of the prevalence of disabilities is higher in the rural population than in the urban population. More limitations on social participation were showed in PWD of the rural areas than of the urban areas. No significant differences in the social participation, were found between the people with visual, speech, intelligence disabilities in urban area and those in rural area. For people with bearing, physical, mental disabilities, significant differences in the subentry of social participation were found between those living in urban areas and those living in rural areas. Conclusion： A large majority of persons with disabilities in Guangdong Province have various levels of participation restrictions, especially those in rural areas,who should be the main target population of rehabilitation services. We propose that the three-level network of rehabilitation should be strengthened, establishing rehabilitation stations in the ＂New Village Cooperative Heahhcare Service＂ as well as in the Community Health Centres. On the top for supervision and referral, a network for the prevention and rehabilitation of some specific disabling diseases and injuries should be set up.