南方镉污染X镇人群膳食镉摄入现状调查

INVESTIGATION ON PRESENT SITUATION OF DIETARY INTAKE OF CADMIUM IN X TOWN OF SOUTH CHINA

[目的]了解南方镉污染X镇人群膳食镉摄入现状。[方法]对本地自产的粮食、蔬菜、肉禽蛋3类进行镉含量的检测,同时对人群进行膳食调查。[结果]本次调查共采集54户154份食品,其中,粮食类、蔬菜类的镉含量超限量率分别为70.69%和21.13%,肉禽蛋类未超限量;调查202人的膳食表明:膳食摄入量在168.18～1863.33g/人·d之间,以25岁组及35岁组人群摄入量为高;人群中膳食镉的摄入量在49.83～451.52μg/人·d之间,经SPSS14.0统计分析,除35岁组男女膳食的镉摄入量有差异(t=0.269,P=0.014)外,其余各年龄组男女膳食摄入量均无差异(t值为0.696～1.517,P值﹥0.05);膳食中镉主要来源为粮食类食品。[结论]防治镉污染应开展以水、土壤为重点的综合整治,防止镉通过农作物—人食物链对人体健康造成危害。

[ Objective] In order to master the present situation of Cadmium intake in meal in X Town of South China. [Methods] We did tests to obtain the Cadmium contents of three types of food produced locally, such as cereals, vegetables, meat and eggs. At the meanwhile, we also did an investigation in ordinary people＇s meals in X town. [Results] In this investigation, 154 doses of food were collected from 54 families, thereinto, the Cadmium contents in cereals and vegetables exeeed the limit 70.69% and 21.13% respectively, while the Cadimium contents in meat and eggs was below the limit. The dietary survey of 202 people showed that： dietary intake quantity per person per day was between 168.18g and 1 863.33g, the intake quantities of 25-year-old group and 35-year-old group were the tfighest; the intake of Cadmium in meals per person per day was between 49.83μg and 451.52μg, and after the SPSS14.0 statistical analysis, we knew that only the male in 35-year-old group and the female in 35-year-old group had differences in dictary intake of cadmium （t = 0.269, P = 0.014） , while the other male and female age groups had no diffewnees between them （t= 0.696-1.517, P 〉 0.05） ; the main dietary sources of cadmium was cereal products. [Conclusion] Cadmium pollution control should be carried out with a focus on water and soil structure, and cadmium should be prevented from human health through food chain of crops-people.