微咸水淋洗对中度盐渍土区高粱和谷子生长发育的影响

Effect of Leaching With Mildly Saline Water on Growth and Development of Sorghum and Millet in Moderately-salinized Soil

[目的]探讨微咸水淋洗对高粱和谷子生长发育特征及产量的影响。[方法]选择松嫩平原吉林西部中度苏打盐渍土壤种植高粱和谷子,设对照、补充灌溉、低额淋洗(250 mm)和高额淋洗(400 mm)4个处理,利用当地微咸水进行淋洗灌溉试验与研究。[结果]补充灌溉和淋洗处理较对照均更好地促进了2种作物的植株生长和根系发育;2种作物补充灌溉处理的产量较对照达到极显著增长水平。高额、低额淋洗处理的高粱产量分别较补充灌溉增加26.2%和14.1%(P=0.01);高额淋洗处理的高粱产量虽比低额淋洗有显著增加,但未达极显著水平;高额、低额淋洗处理的谷子产量分别较补充灌溉增加78.5%和33.9%(P=0.01)。[结论]400 mm淋洗量已接近高粱试验地的淋洗上限,但不是谷子试验地淋洗量的上限。

[ Objective] The aim was to explore the effect of leaching with mildly saline water on the growth characters and yield of sorghum and millet. [ Method] The moderate saline-sodic soil in western Jilin, Songnen Plain was chosen to plant sorghum and millet, 4 treatment of CK, supplementary irrigation, low-rate leaching （250 mm） and high-rate leaching （400 mm） were set up, and leaching and irrigation were tested and researched by using local mildly saline water. [ Result] Both the treatments of supplementary irrigation and leaching was better promoted plant growth and root development of 2 crops compared with CK. The yield of 2 crops by supplementary irrigation treatment reached to extremely significant growth level compared with CA（. The yields of sorghum by high-rate and low-rate leaching treament were increased by 26.2% and 14.1% （ P =0.01 ）resp. than that by supplementary irrigation one; although the yield of sorghum treated by high-rote leaching was obviously increased than that by low-rate leaching, it was not up to extremely significant level. The yield of millet by high-rate and low-rate leaching treatment was increased by 78.5 % and 33.9% （ P = 0.01 ）resp. than that by supplementary irrigation one. [ Conclusion] 400 mm of leaching amotmt approached to the upper limit of leaching on sorghum experiment field, but it was not the upper limit of leaching amount on millet experiment field.