贵州雷公山秃杉种群空间分布格局和分形特征研究

Study on Spatial Distribution Pattern and Fractal Characteristics of Taiwania flousiana Gaussen Population in Leigong Mountain of Guizhou

[目的]研究贵州雷公山秃杉种群空间分布格局和分形特征。[方法]采用相邻格子法的取样数据,以贵州雷公山秃杉种群为研究对象,运用传统的格局研究方法和分形理论中的计盒维数法,对雷公山秃杉种群的分布格局进行了对比研究。[结果]结果表明:雷公山秃杉种群的分布格局具有很好的线性关系,种群具有分形特征,不同的种群计盒维数的大小不一致,表明该地区秃杉种群的空间占据能力不同。雷公山秃山所处的环境条件不同,种群的分布格局不一样,秃杉种群的分布格局总的趋势是聚集分布趋向随机分布,并且每个种群聚集程度不同,这主要与种群的数量和大小有明显的关系。雷公山秃杉种群同样遵循计盒维数随聚集度的下降而下降的现象,但在秃杉数量少,幼树幼苗多,并且以斑块状出现的情况下,随机分布类型的计盒维数大于聚集分布类型的计盒维数。[结论]反映了贵州雷公山秃杉种群的空间分布特征和空间的占据能力,为进一步研究奠定了基础。

[ Objective] The research aimed to study the spatial distribution pattern and fractal characteristics of Taiwania flousiana Gaussen population in Leigong Mountain of Guizhou. [ Method] The fractal characteristics of Taiwania flousiana Gaussen population in Leigong Mountain were studied by contiguons grid quadrate sampling method of pattern research and the box-counting dimension of fractal theory. [ Result] The results showed that the distribution pattern of Taiwania flousiana Gaussen population in Leigong Mountain had good linear relation. The populations presented fractal characteristics. And different populations had different box-counting of the horizontal distribution patterns, reflecting a higher spatial occupational degree of populations. Since they had different environmental factors, the populations in Leigong Mountain had different distribution patterns. As a whole, the distribution patterns had the trend form collecting distribution to random distribution. Each population had different colleting degree, which was related with the quantity and size of population. The Taiwonia flousiana Gaussen populations in Leigong Mountain had the same phenomenon of that the box- counting dimension decreases with the collecting degree. However, when Taiwania flousiana Ganssen were less and the seedlings and young trees were more with patch distribution, the box-counting dimension of random distribution was higher than that of collecting distribution. [ Conclusion] The study reflected the spatial distribution characteristics and the spatial occupation ability in in Leigong Mountain of Guizhou, providing the basis for the further study.