成都经济区植被景观格局及其破碎化研究

Study on Vegetation Landscape Pattern of Chengdu Economic Region and Its Fragmentation

基于成都经济区2004年1∶100万土地利用类型图及林相图,在地理信息系统软件ArcGIS和景观结构分析软件Fragstats支持下,从景观总体特征、斑块面积、斑块周长、斑块数和分形维数等角度对其景观格局和破碎化程度进行了较深入的分析和评价。结果表明,各景观组分中农业植被面积最大,是整个景观的基质;竹林、竹丛及温带草丛面积较小,呈零散分布;中低海拔针叶林及针阔混交林(马尾松林、华山松林、柏木林、柳杉林、山杨林等)面积和周长皆小,而边界密度较大,景观破碎化程度较为严重。各景观组分的分形维数均较高,趋于2,表明各景观类型的边界褶皱程度均较高,整个景观的边界形状较为复杂,揭示了人类活动对该区域影响巨大。

Based on 1 ： 1 000 000 land use type map and stock map of Chengdu economic region, under the support of geography information system software AreGIS and landscape analysis software Fragstats, its landscape pattern and the fragmentation degree were deeply analyzed and evaluated from the angles of the overall landscape characteristics, plaque area, plaque perimeter, plaque number, frdctal dimension and so on. The results showed that agricultmre vegetation was the matrix of the whole landscape with the largest area. Bamboo forest,bamboo clmnp and temperate herhosa showed a scattered distribution,with smaller area. The area and perimeter of middle-low elevation coniferous forest and the mixed forest of coniferous forest and breadleaf forest （masson pine forest, Pinus armandii forest, Cupressus funebris forest, Cryptomeria fortunei forest, Populus davidiuna forest and so on） were smaller, the boundary density was greater and the landscape fragmentation degree was more serious. The fractal dimension of different landscape components were all higher, being inclined to 2. This indicated that the boundary folded degree of each landscape type was all higher and the whole landscape boundary shape was more complex. It was revealed that human activities had greater influences on the region.