宋诗平淡理论辨析

Discussion on the Plainness Theory of Song Poems

因为中西方本就拥有两种不同文化特质,中国诗与外国诗是两种完全不同的研究对象,故宋诗平淡是否成为理论,如果完全参照西方的理论界定和标准,这是有问题的。本文从宋诗"平淡"的说法入手,通过考察宋代的文学观念变化,辨析了宋诗"平淡"说法提出的原因,并解析了宋诗"平淡"的内涵及评价标准。这说明宋诗"平淡",已经成为宋人关于诗学创作理论的重要内容之一。从中国的气脉出发,假若我们将古人对于诗歌的认识大致归纳为"诗歌理想"、"诗学(创作论)"、"诗学理论化、系统化"三个阶段的话,那么宋诗平淡虽未完全达到诗学理论化、系统化的阶段,然而它已超越了一般"诗歌理想"的层面,成为宋人关于诗学创作理论的重要内容之一。

owing to the differences of Chinese and Western culture charac- ter,Chinese poems and western poems are two different research objects.It＇s not reasonable to completely abide the western theoretical definition and criterion.The paper starts from the explanation of＂plainness＂in Song Poem,investigating the change of literary thoughts in Song Dynasty,it analyzes the causes of the Plainness Theory.From the history of Chinese poem,we can classify the acknowledgement on the poems into three stages＂the idealization of poem＂,＂the school of poem＂,＂the systematization of poem＂.The Song poem,though did not completely reach the stage of＂the systematization of poem＂,it has already surpassed the stage of＂the idealization of poem＂,and became one of the important contents in the theory of Song Poem Creation.