农民工的城市适应及其对社会认知的影响

Peasant Workers Adaptation to Cities and Its Influence on Their Social Cognition

本研究以465名农民工为被试,采用自编农民工城市适应问卷,考查农民工的城市适应及其对社会认知的影响。结果如下:(1)城市适应包含7个因素:融入感、人际关系、个人期望、向往程度、个人准备、语言适应及生活习惯,这7个因素对农民工的社会认知有不同程度的影响;(2)具有不同背景的农民工,城市适应存在以下显著差异:男性农民工在个人准备上高于女性;年龄大的和已婚农民工,在个人期望、人际关系、向往程度、个人准备、语言适应、生活习惯等方面高于年龄小的和未婚的;有多次打工经验的在个人期望、人际关系、个人准备上高于第一次打工的;打工时间长的在个人准备、语言适应、生活习惯上高于时间短的;收入高的农民工在人际关系、融入感、个人准备上得分高,生活习惯上得分低。

The study aimed to investigate the peasant workers＇ city adaptation and its influences on social cognition. Altogether 465 subjects completed the peasant workers＇ city adaptation questionnaire which was developed by the present research group. The results show something that follows. （1） City adaptation involves seven elements, including the feeling of melting into city, interpersonal relationship, expectations, the yearning degree, preparation, language adaptation and life habits, and each of them have different degrees of influence on social cognition. （2） There is much difference between peasant workers with different backgrounds. Male workers are better prepared than female workers; the married and the elder score higher on the seven elements than the unmarried and the young. Those who have worked in the city many times score higher than those who work in the city for the first time in terms of expectations, interpersonal relationships and preparation. Those with more city work experience score higher on the elements of preparations, language ad aptation and life habits. The peasant workers with a better salary score higher on the elements of interpersonal relationships, preparations, the feeling of melting into city, while they score lower on life habits than the peasant workers with a lower income.