低剂量X射线辐照小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率的研究

Automatic measurement of frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in mouse bone marrow after low-dose X-ray irradiation

目的探讨嗜多染红细胞微核率(frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes,fMNPCE)的流式细胞术检测法能否作为1种自动化方法用于检测早期生物低剂量辐照后遭受的遗传损害。方法每天1次按0.05、0.10、0.40Gy3个低剂量X射线辐照小鼠,连续4次,各剂量各时间点为一动物辐照组;每次辐照20h后采用流式细胞术检测骨髓fMNPCE,观察各时间点和剂量点的微核率动态变化,同时以传统显微镜方法作为对照进行比较。结果流式细胞术和显微镜方法均在第1天的0.05、0.10、0.40Gy辐照组检测到骨髓fMNPCE显著升高(P<0.05),以后3d的各剂量辐照组fMNPCE升高更为显著(P<0.01);2种方法检测结果显示均有较好的剂量、时间依赖性,并呈显著正相关性(r=0.984,P<0.01)。结论骨髓fMNPCE可作为低剂量辐射条件下的辐射生物计量检测指标,并可用流式细胞术自动化检测。

Objective To investigate whether flow cytometry used in measuring the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythroeytes （fMNPCE） can be applied as an automatic method for the early detection of low-dose irradiation caused genetic damage. Methods BALB/c mice were irradiated with X ray at three single low-dose （0.05, 0.10, 0.40 Gy respectively） for consecutive 4 days, and the frequencies of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes （fMNPCE） 20 h after each irradiation in bone marrow cells were detected with either flow cytometry or traditional microscopy as control method. Results Both flow cytometry and mi- croscopy exhibited significantly increased fMNPCE （P 〈 0.05） after irradiation of 0.05, 0.10, 0.40 Gy on the first day and in the following 3 days. The fMNPCE detected by flow cytometry and microscopy showed a significant time- and dose-dependent manner and a positive correlation （r = 0. 984, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Flow cytometry for measuring fMNPCE can be used as an automatic bio-dosimetry under low-dose irradiation.