采用低阶动态补偿器的电力系统分散控制

Decentralized Control of Power System by Low-order Dynamic Compensators

提出一种用低阶动态补偿器抑制电力系统低频振荡的分散控制方法。安装在不同地点的多个低阶动态补偿器通过给定结构输出反馈统一设计,使系统的所有机电振荡模态具有整体最优的阻尼效果。用本地可测量和广域测量系统(wide area measurement system,WAMS)提供的部分关键远方信息共同作为补偿器的输入,从而可使本地振荡模态和区间振荡模态都得到良好的抑制。同时考虑多种运行方式优化控制器参数,使控制器具有更好的适应性;采用区域极点配置保证控制器具有一定的鲁棒性。最后,将控制器的参数求解归结为一个非光滑优化问题,并用梯度采样法进行求解。2个示例系统的仿真结果表明,该文所设计的控制器对低频振荡有着明显的抑制作用,优于传统的电力系统稳定器(power system stabilizer,PSS)。

Decentralized control by low-order dynamic compensators for damping the low-frequency oscillations in power system was proposed in this paper. The compensators located in different places were designed simultaneously to ensure the totally best damping effect for all the electromechanical oscillation modes. Local measurable signals and some important remote signals provided by the wide area measurement system （WAMS） were both adopted as compensator input to increase the damping of local and inter-area oscillations. Multiple operating conditions were considered simultaneously to design controllers. The regional pole placement was used to make the close-loop system get satisfactory dynamic performance. The design problem was formulated as a non-smooth optimization problem, and gradient sampling algorithm was employed to solve it. The simulation results of two systems show that notable effect for damping the low-frequency oscillations can be obtained by designed controllers, which excelled power system stabilizer （PSS）.