美国能源需求方管理之法律政策及其借鉴意义

U. S. Energy Law and Policy on the Demand Side Management and its Referential Significance to China

在20世纪六七十年代能源与环境危机冲击下,美国能源法开始强调节能与环境保护,确立了能源需求方管理这一新兴能源效率管理制度。强制性节能义务、综合资源规则与政府经济激励是需求方管理的三大要素。在美国能源市场化背景下,需求方管理遇到了新的挑战,需要完善相关的法律制度。美国能源需求方管理对我国完善相应的能源效率法律政策具有诸多借鉴意义。

Struck by energy and environmental crisis in 1960-1970s, U.S. Energy Law began to attach importance to energy saving and environmental protection, and established Demand Side Management, a new energy efficiency management system, which includes three fundamental elements, i.e. compulsory duty of energy saving, comprehensive resource plan, and economic incentives from government. With the process of energy market liberalization, Demand Side Management and its legal system involved are to be improved to face new challenges. Demand Side Management is of much referential significance to the perfection of laws and policies on energy efficiency in China.