苦瓜几个主要经济性状的配合力与遗传效应分析

Compatibility and genetic analysis of major economic characteristics of balsam pear

选用8个苦瓜自交系材料,采用半轮配法设计配制28个组合,分析与产量、品质及其相关性状的配合力和遗传效应。结果表明:果数性状的一般配合力达显著水平;Vc含量和果宽性状的一般配合力达极显著水平;其余4个性状的一般配合力和特殊配合力均达到显著或极显著水平;维生素C含量主要由加性基因控制;产量性状中,第一雌花节位、单果重、果宽的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力都较高,在亲本选育时这些性状宜早代选择;马D、208、207的多数性状一般配合力较高,是理想的亲本材料。

Twenty eight hybrid combinations were obtained by half diallele crosses between 8 balsam pear parents. The compatibility and genetic analysis of the major economic characteristics were studied. The results showed that there was （a） a significant general compatibility between the yield, quality and the fruit number, （b） a very significant specific compatibility between Vc content and fruit width, （c） significant or very significant general and specific compatibilities among other 4 characteristics. Vitamin C content was controlled by additive genes. In regard to yield, the narrow and broad heritability of the first female flower node, fruit weight and fruit width were all rather high. Thus, these characteristics should be selected in early generations. Ma D, 208 and 207 were found to be ideal parents for hybridization due to their high general compatibilities.