基于遥感影像的杭州湾湿地开发保护分区研究

Study of Wetland Zoning for Protection and Development in Hangzhou Bay Based on Remote Sensing Data

以杭州湾地区为研究案例,利用2000年、2005年4景Landsat TM/ETM+为主要数据源,通过非监督分类和分层分类方法解译湿地的分布格局,通过多因素评价和GIS空间分析手段对杭州湾湿地进行了开发保护分区研究。结果表明,杭州湾湿地从自然地理环境、湿地空间分布、湿地动态变化、社会经济指标、地理空间指标和生态环境指标等方面着手,可划分为禁止开发区、限制开发区和允许开发区,其对应的面积分别为862.73km2、290.38km2、133.95km2。其中,杭州市和宁波市是湿地开发与保护矛盾最为集中的区域。

Wetlands are among the most productive and biologically diverse ecosystems on earth, which capture increasing research interests recently. This paper takes Hangzhou Bay as a case study based on six scenes of Landsat TM/ETM ＋ in fifteen years （ e. g. 1991,2000 and 2005 ）. Unsupervised classification and multi - level classification are employed to interpret the pattern of wetland in Hangzhou Bay. Then multivariate evaluation and GIS spatial analysis are utilized to analyze the zoning of wetland for appropriate protection and development. The results indicate that wetland in Hangzhou Bay could be divided into three classes from combined analysis of natural geography, distribution and change of wetland, social economic factors, geo- spatial factors and environmental indicators and so on. These zonal types are named as non- development, restricted development and development zone with the area of 862.73 km^2 ,290.38 km^2, 133.95 km^2 separately. Moreover, the hot spots for protection and development of wetland lie in Hangzhou and Ningbo due to rapid development.