三色堇小孢子发育时期与花器形态相关性分析

Interrelation of Cytological Development Period of Pansy'Microspore and the Morphology of Flower Organ

研究三色堇小孢子不同发育时期与花蕾大小和花药颜色的相关性,以期直接从花蕾大小和花药形态判断小孢子的发育时期。结果表明:三色堇小孢子发育经过四分体时期﹑单核前期﹑单核中期﹑单核靠边期和二核期共5个时期,各时期特征明显。三色堇小孢子发育时期与花蕾的外部形态和花药颜色密切相关,单核靠边期时,花蕾的长度与其他时期比较差异显著,花药的颜色与形态也与其他时期存在着显著的差异,而花蕾的横径﹑纵横径比值和花瓣长的差异却不显著。通过花器官形态判断小孢子的发育时期,可以为三色堇单倍体育种接种材料的选择提供依据。

The bud size and morphological characteristics of the buds and anthers were defined and the paper focused on the relation between the microspore development and the calyx characteristics, the size of bud and the color of anther. The results showed that microspore of Viola tricolor developed at five stages： tetrad, early-uninucleate, mid-uninucleate, late-uninucleate, binucleate and each stage demonstrated distinctive characteristics. Microspore development also had correlativity with the morphological characteristics of buds and the color of anthers. The length of buds with other period was notable different in a microspore Late-uninucleate period of Pansies different species. At the same time, there was a significant difference from other times in the color and pattern of anther. However, the diameter, buds aspect ratio and length of the petals was not significantly different during this period.