后社会主义国家诚实与信任问题研究

Research on the Honesty and Trust of Post-socialist Countries

国外对后社会主义国家的诚实与信任问题的研究,都以企业之间的合约履行为切入点,认为正是因为合约不能被履行,所以这些国家才出现了大量的失信行为。合约的实施机制可以划分为正式和非正式实施机制。转轨时期,后社会主义国家虽然出现了大量的失信,但是交易仍在继续。对此,国外研究持三种不同的观点:一种认为是合约的正式实施机制保障了交易的进行;另一种则认为是各种不同形式的非正式实施机制保障了交易的进行;调和的观点则认为是正式实施机制和非正式实施机制的协同作用保障了交易的进行。

Foreign scholars began with contract - enforcing when they studied the problem of honesty and trust in post - socialist countries. They believed the answer why these countries lost honesty and trust lay in the fact that contracts couldn＇ t be enforced successfully. Contract could be enforced formally and informally. In transition, transactions were continuing though a great deal of defects appeared in post - socialist countries. To explain it, there are 3 different opinions. Some insisted that the formal enforce mechanism makes transactions done, but some argued that it＇ s not the formal but the informal enforce mechanism that keeps contracts effective, and the others believed it＇ s not any one of formal and informal enforce mechanism but the two together protect contracts＇ enforcement in a synergy way.