典型带电体电势与场强矢量分布图的建立

The distribution diagrams of electric potential and electric field vector in typical charged objects

用Matlab程序演示了点电荷-导体球系统、均匀带电球面、有限长均匀带电细棒和无限长均匀带电直线的电势分布和场强矢量场图,结合图像探讨了典型带电体周围的等势面和电场分布的特点,使电磁学内容直观、形象。

By using Matlab, this paper gives the distribution diagrams of electric potential and electric field vector in pointlike charge- conducting sphere, uniform sphere of charge, finitely long cylindrical charge volume and infinitely long charge line. The characteristics of equipotential surface and the distribution of the electric field vector are discussed. It gives the intuitional reference for physics teaching in universities.