北京市丰台区1182名医务人员吸烟及控烟情况调查

Survey on behavior of smoking and tobacco control among 1182 hospital employees in Fengtai District of Beijing City

目的了解丰台区医务人员吸烟及控烟情况,为下一步开展医院控烟工作提供基础资料。方法采用分层抽样的方法抽取北京市丰台区一、二、三级医院各2家,再在被抽中的医院中以系统抽样的方式抽取1182名医务人员进行问卷调查。调查内容包括一般情况、吸烟和戒烟情况、医院控烟情况。结果男性吸烟率为41.8%,女性吸烟率为0.8%,男性高于女性(P<0.01)。男性中,医生的吸烟率为31.5%,后勤人员吸烟率为75.6%。不同文化程度者吸烟率不同,中专及以下者吸烟率最高,平均为13.6%,其中男性为69.2%,女性为1.7%。在吸烟者中,有54.0%的人曾经戒过烟,戒烟失败的主要原因为缺乏意志力,占50.0%。36.0%的医务人员不知道该如何戒烟,只有23.7%知道"五日戒烟法",3.8%知道"安非他酮是尼古丁替代品"。结论男性医务人员吸烟率高,控烟知识和技能较差,临床医务人员的控烟工作还面临着巨大挑战。

Objective To understand smoking and tobacco control status among 1182 hospital employees in Fengtai District, to provide basic information for tobacco control. Methods 1182 employees which were selected by stratified sampling from 6 hospitals, were conducted questionnaire survey. The survey covered general information, smoking, smoking cessation, and capacity on self-control toward smoking. Results The smoking rate for male employees was 41.8%, and 0. 8% for females. 31.5% of male doctors and 43.2% of male support service employees were smokers. Different groups of hospital employees with different education levels showed varying smoking rates. Those who graduated from professional and technical high school had the highest smoking rate, 69. 2% for males and 1.7% for females respectively. 54. 0% of smokers ever tried to quit smoking. Failures of smoking cessation mostly resulted from the lack of will power. 36.0% of the employees did not know how to quit, and only 23.7% of them knew the Five-Day Stop Smoking Plan while only 3.8% of them understood that diethylpropion could be used for nicotine replacement therapy. Conclusion Male hospital employees had a high smoking rate, and they lacked needed knowledge and skills to control smoking. There are challenges in tobacco control among medical personnel.