石油类污染水源水的应急处理工艺研究

Emergency treatment process of source water polluted by petroleum

针对水源水突发性石油类污染,进行了应急处理的试验研究。通过对自来水厂常规工艺的优化,对比了活性炭吸附与BAF生物预处理对石油类超标原水的处理能力。结果表明:常规工艺只能保证石油类超标3倍及以下的原水达标供应;试验条件下BAF生物预处理对石油类的去除效果不佳,出水中石油类的平均质量浓度为0.117mg/L;而活性炭吸附工艺在原水石油类超标4～10倍的情况下,去除率达到80%～90%,最终出水石油类的质量浓度达到0.05mg/L以下。此外,活性炭吸附工艺还具有可行性强、费用低等优点,是满足石油类污染应急处理的有效方法。

A pilot-scale experiment was carried out to study the emergency treatment of sudden petroleum pollution of source water. Through the optimization of the conventional treatment process applied in water supply plant, the effects of activated carbon adsorption and BAF on excessive petroleum-containing raw water treatment were compared. The results showed that： conventional process could only ensure the effluent water quality reach the standard when the petroleum exceeded the limit value by less than 3 times; the effect of BAF pretreatment on petroleum removal was not good, the average mass concentration of petroleum in effluent water was 0.117 mg/L; however, under the condition that, the mass concentration of petroleum in raw water exceeded the value by 4 to 10 times, the removal rate of petroleum reached 80% - 90%, and its mass concentration in effluent water was below 0.05 mg/L. In addition, the activated carbon adsorption process had advantages of feasible and low cost, which was an effective process for emergency treatment of petroleum pollution.