根际交替灌溉技术在南岛无核荔枝上的应用效果分析

Effects of partial rootzone drying on Nandao seedless litchi

以7年生南岛无核荔枝成年树为试材,以常规灌溉为对照(CK),以根际交替灌溉(PRD)和半量常规灌溉(HN)为处理,研究PRD对单株产量、果实品质、叶片可溶性糖和光合色素含量的影响。结果表明:CK和PRD的单株产量差异不显著,二者都显著高于HN;PRD在果实单果重、果皮花色素苷含量和果肉TSS、TA、TSS/TA上与CK均无显著差异,而显著高于HN;在果肉V c含量上,HN显著高于CK和PRD;不同处理和CK对果实可食率无显著影响。不同处理和对照的叶片可溶性糖、光合色素含量动态变化特征不一样;PRD在总体上提高叶片可溶性糖、叶绿素a和总叶绿素含量,并且提高叶绿素a/b值。PRD未引起树体减产和果实品质变劣,可提高水分利用率和光合能力,降低用水量和生产成本,因此,该技术应用于南岛无核荔枝栽培具有良好的经济效益,值得进一步推广。

An experiment was conducted with 7-year-old Nandao seedless litchi trees to study the effects of the partial rootzone drying （PRD） on the yield, fruits qualities and the contents of photosynthetic pigments and soluble sugar in leaves. The check was the normal irrigation （CK）, and the treatments were PRD and half quantity of normal irrigation （HN）. The results indicated that the yield of single tree had insignificant differences between CK and PRD, and they were higher than that of HN. There were insignificant differences between CK and PRD in the single fruit weight, the content of anthocyanin in peel and TSS, TA and TSS/TA in flesh, and these indicators in PRD and CK showed higher than that in HN. The content of Vc in flesh of HN got higher than that in PRD and CK. There was no difference in the edible ratio of fruits among the treatments and CK. The tendency of the changes in the content of photosynthetic pigments and soluble sugar in leaves became different among the treatments and CK. The contents of soluble sugar and chlorophyll in leaves of PRD were higher, and the ratio of chlorophyll a/b also increased. In summary, PRD did not derease the yield and fruits quality, and it increased the efficiency of water use and photosynthesis, and decreased the irrigation rate and cost, so PRD had better effects on Nandao seedless litchi and it was worthy of popularizing.