分子标记技术在牡蛎遗传育种中应用研究进展

Advance in applications of molecular marker technologies in genetics and breeding of oyster

牡蛎是一种重要的经济双壳贝类,利用分子标记技术研究牡蛎的遗传多样性,对牡蛎的遗传育种具有重要意义。文章综述了几种常见的DNA标记技术如RFLP、RAPD、AFLP、微卫星、SNP和EST等在牡蛎遗传育种中的应用及其在牡蛎遗传多样性与遗传图谱构建等方面的研究进展,分析了分子标记技术在牡蛎遗传育种研究中存在的问题,提出今后应建立包括牡蛎品种的形态学和分子信息在内的种质库,研究牡蛎的遗传多样性,并应用分子标记技术标记一些特异性基因,进行牡蛎的遗传选育。

Oyster is an important economical bivalve, through molecular marker technologies to study the genetic diversity would have important significance on the genetics and breeding of oyster. The applications of several common DNA marker technologies including RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP and EST markers in genetic and breeding, and the genetic diversity and the construction of genetic linkage mapping of oyster were briefly reviewed in this paper, the existing problems of molecular marker technologies in studying the genetic breeding of oyster were also analyzed. It put forward that the germplasm bank including the morphology and molecular information of oyster varieties should be constructed in the future to study the genetic diversity of oyster, and the genetic and breeding of oyster should be carried out by labeling the specific genes with molecular marker technology