匀浆法提取长春花中长春碱、文多灵和长春质碱

Homogenate Extraction of Vinblastine,Vindoline and Catharanthine from Fresh Catharanthus roseus

采用匀浆法从新鲜长春花枝叶中提取长春碱、文多灵和长春质碱等3种主要生物碱,研究了提取过程中不同影响因子对提取效果的影响,确定的匀浆提取适宜条件为:以0.15%硫酸50%甲醇溶液作为提取溶剂,料液比1:10,匀浆2.5min,匀浆提取3次。匀浆提取法所提取的长春碱量分别比超声、50℃温浸和回流提取法提高10.78%、6.96%和13.36%,3次提取耗能时间仅7.5min。匀浆提取比其他常规提取方法操作简单,省去了对物料进行烘干、粉碎的步骤,并使物料破碎和有效成分的提取同步进行,是一种对植物有效成分提取速度快、强度高的方法。

Three important alkaloids （Vinblastine, Vindoline and Catharanthine） were extracted from fresh leaves and branches of Catharanthus roseus by homogenate extraction. The effects of different homogenate extracting factors on extraction yield were studied, and the suitable parameters for the homogenate extraction were decided as follows： the solid-liquid ratio of homogenate extraction is 1：10 （g ： mL）, the extracting solvent used is aqueous solution of 0.15% sulfuric acid and 50% methanol, the times of homogenate used are 3 times and the homogenate time for each time of homogenate is 2.5 min. Using above suitable homogenate extraction parameters, the yield of Vinblastine is 10.78% higher than that obtained by using ultrasonic wave extraction method, 6.96% higher than that obtained by using warm immersion method and 13.36% higher than that obtained by using hot reflux extraction method, and the total time of three-times homogenate extractions is only 7.5 min. Since the homogenate extraction avoids the drying and crushing operations of the material, the operation of homogenate extraction is simpler than that of other conventional used extraction methods, and during homogenate extraction, the crushing of material and extraction of potent components happen at the same time, therefore it is a rapid and high intensity method for the extraction of potent components from plant.