树冠结构及施肥对板栗结实的影响

Influence of Canopy Structure and Nitrogen on the Fruit-Bearing of the Castanea mollissima

对板栗的树冠特点和施肥对板栗结实的影响进行了分析,结果表明,树冠大小显著影响板栗树冠内的光能分布和利用水平,冠幅中等是建立丰产园的较好类型.结果母枝生长状况对产量的影响较大,结实主要集中于树冠外部,及时疏伐瘦弱枝、培养健壮结果母枝,改善树冠透光条件是形成高产、稳产的主要措施.在土壤有效养分较低的土壤上施用氮肥对提高结实有明显效果.

This paper analysis the characteristics of canopy structure and fertilizer on the yield of Castanea mollissima. The result indicated that the diameter of canopy is remarkably effect the light distribution and utilization. The medium canopy of a tree is preferable type for building high-yield orchard. The fruiting branches growing has more influence on yield and the fruit-bearing is mostly on the outside of the canopy. The main measure for high and stable yield is rouging the worse branches promptly and cultivating vigorous branches and improve the canopy photopereability. Applying nitrogenous fertilizer to increase Castanea mollissima fruit-bearing has significantly effective on poor soil nutrients.