“皖青1号”人工林楸树物理力学性质的研究

Physical and mechanical properties of Catalpa bungei(Wanqing number 1)

对安徽省林科院,青阳县林业局和安徽农业大学在青阳县新选育的"皖青1号"楸树的绝干密度、气干密度与基本密度,径向、弦向、体积绝干干缩率和差异干缩及径向、弦向、体积气干干缩率和差异干缩,顺纹抗压强度,抗弯强度,抗弯弹性模量进行测试。结果表明:(1)"皖青1号"楸树基本密度为0.444 g.cm-3,全干密度为0.490 g.cm-3,气干密度为0.532 g.cm-3,其变异系数较小,密度较稳定。(2)"皖青1号"楸树径向全干干缩率为4.0%,弦向全干干缩率为5.7%,体积全干干缩率为10.4%,差异干缩值为1.180,木材干燥性能较好,不容易翘曲变形和开裂。(3)"皖青1号"楸树顺纹抗压强度为41.5 MPa,抗弯强度为82.3 MPa,抗弯弹性模量为10.03 GPa,其准确指数小于5%;力学性能较好,有利于工业化生产;比强度和比弹性模量值较大,属于第三类高品质木材,适宜作为承重结构材料。(4)"皖青1号"楸树与常见速生树种比较可知,其密度较大,干缩性质较小,力学性质中等。

In this study,Catalpa bungei（Wanqing number 1）,planted in Qingyang and cultured by Anhui Academy of Forestry,Qingyang Forestry Bureau and Forestry and Landscape Architecture School of Anhui Agricultural University,was selected as materials to determine the value of air-dried density,oven-dried density and basic density;radial shrinkage ratio of oven-dried condition,radial shrinkage ratio of air-dried condition;tangential shrinkage ratio of oven-dried condition;tangential shrinkage ratio of air-dried condition;volume shrinkage ratio of oven-dried condition;volume shrinkage ratio of air-dried condition;the ratio of tangential shrinkage to radial shrinkage of air-dried condition;the ratio of tangential shrinkage to radial shrinkage of oven-dried condition;compressive strength parallel to grain,bending strength and modulus of elasticity in bending of Catalpa bungei.The results showed that：（1）The basic density was 0.444 g·cm-3,oven-dried density was 0.490 g·cm-3,air-dried density was 0.532 g·cm-3,the differentiate coefficients of them were small,the density was stable.（2）The radial shrinkage ratio of oven-dried condition was 4.0%,tangential shrinkage ratio of oven-dried condition was 5.7%,volume shrinkage ratio of oven-dried condition was 10.4%,the ratio of tangential shrinkage to radial shrinkage of oven-dried condition was 1.180,the capability of dryness was fine,it was difficult to distort and craze.（3）The compressive strength parallel to grain was,bending strength was 82.3 MPa and modulus of elasticity in bending was 10.03 GPa,the exact index was small than 5%,the results were credible,the properties was good,could be use for industrialization;the ratio of intensity and the ratio of modulus of elasticity were large,belonged to high quality grade,could use for bearing configuration material.（4）When compared with other familiar fast-growing trees,its density was larger,the shrinkage property was smaller,and the mechanical property was middle.