2004～2007年浙江省血吸虫病疫情分析

Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2007

目的分析2004~2007年浙江省血吸虫病疫情变化趋势及其影响因素，探索今后本省血吸虫病防治工作策略。方法采用系统抽样结合环境抽查法查螺，复杂环境采用全面细查法，用压碎法检查钉螺感染情况。以土埋结合药物方法灭螺。血清学方法结合尼龙绢集卵孵化法对居民、流动人群及家畜进行查病，阳性人、畜用吡喹酮治疗。建立血吸虫病防治年报表，进行数据汇总分析。结果4年全省开展查螺累计1774个乡、17590个村，共投工61．19万工，查螺面积2．96亿m2，查出有螺面积403．18hm2，累计解剖钉螺35．21万只，未查获感染性钉螺。累计查病742346人，查出血清学阳性者12359人，阳性率1．67％。累计粪检11756人，发现输入性血吸虫病人113例，未查出本地粪检阳性病人。结论浙江省达到血吸虫病传播阻断标准后防治成果巩固，但残存钉螺面积居高不下，输人性血吸虫病人数呈上升趋势。因此，应实施以查灭钉螺和防控外来传染源为主的综合性防治策略。

Objective To understand and analyze the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2007, so as to provide scientific evidence for making out prevention and control measures. Methods The Oncomelania snails were investigated by using the method of systematic sampling combined with the environmental sampling except the complete survey in the com- plicated environment. The snails were collected and dissected to determine the infection status. The earth-covered method combined with molluscicide was used for snail elimination. The serological method combined miracidium hatching method was used for examining residents, floating population and domestic animals, and the positive cases were treated with praziquantel. The annual report forms were established for analysis. Results The area where snails checked reached 296 km2 in 17 590 villages and the totals of 611 900 labor forces were put into the snail survey, and the total residual snail area was 403.18 hrn2 in Zhejiang Province from 2004 to 2007. No infected snails were found among a52 100 snails. The total number of serologic examination subjects was 742 346 and the number of fecal examination 11 756, and no native schistosomiasis cases were found, but 113 imported cases found. Conclusions The endemic status of schistosomiasis in Zhejiang Province is stable despite of a fairly high residual snail area and the rising number of imported schistosomiasis cases. The control of residual snails and imported cases is the key point for schistosomiasis control in the future.