完善农户商事主体制度与发展农村市场

Improving the System of Commercial Subjects of Farmer Households and Development of Rural Market

解决"三农"问题的重要途径在于发展农村市场,广大农民是农村市场最重要的主体。然而,农户作为农村集体经济组织的成员——农村承包经营户,依照我国现行《民法通则》、《农村土地承包法》等规定,是一种民事法律关系的主体,享有民事权利和承担民事义务。在我国市场经济条件下的商事法律中,关于农民、农户在农村市场的商事经营主体资格的制度设计比较缺乏,从而在一定程度上制约了农民的市场行为。为了充分调动广大农民积极性,更好地建设和发展农村市场,有必要完善农户商事经营主体资格的法律制度。

Development of rural market is a meaningful way to resolve problems in agriculture, farmers and rural areas, and farmers are the most important subjects of the rural market. According to General Principles of Civil Law and Rural land Contracting Law, farmers are a kind of civil subjects as the members of rural collective economic organizations under the system of household contract. In commercial laws established in conditions of our marketing economy, the designs of system of commercial subjects in rural market for farmers and farmer households are litfie and limit the farmers＇ market action in some measures. It is necessary to improve the law system of commercial subject of peasant household for activating farmers to participate to construct and develop rural market adequately.