某多晶硅新建项目职业病危害预评价

Pre-Assessment of Occupational Disease Hazard in the Construction Project of Polysilicon

目的识别与分析建设项目可能产生的职业病危害因素及危害程度,评价建设项目在职业病防治方面的可行性,为建设项目的初步设计提供必要的职业病危害防护对策和建议。方法以类比法为主,结合检查表法,经验法进行综合分析。结果该项目选址、总体布局、建筑卫生学、职业病防护设施等基本符合要求,在应急救援、职业卫生管理、辅助卫生用室方面存在不足;该项目主要的职业病危害因素有氯、氯化氢及盐酸、三氯氢硅、氨、氢氧化钠、四氯化硅、硝酸及氮氧化物、氟化氢、硫酸、噪声共10种。类比检测结果氯、氯化氢、三氯氢硅、氟化氢、硫酸、氨STEL分别为<0.20、5.10、0.70、<0.02、0.24、6.90 mg/m3;硫酸、氨、硅粉尘TWA分别为<0.20、2.70、2.40 mg/m3,噪声<85 dB(A)。各项检测结果均在国家卫生限值内。结论建设方按照本报告所提出的各项职业病危害防护措施及建议认真落实,则该建设项目的职业病危害因素可以得到预防和控制。

Objective To identify, analyze the possible occupational risk factors and degree in this construction project, assess its feasibility in occupational disease prevention and protection, and provide necessary countermeasures and advice of occupational disease hazard prevention and protection for its primary design. Methods The assessment was proceeded by using combination of analogy, checklist and experience methods. Results The selection of site, the overall layout, the arrangement of the facilities, building hygienic, occupational disease prevention and protection establishment accorded with the requirements of laws and legislation of occupational health. But this construction project was still short of the occupational health management and emergency rescue measures and facilities of auxiliary rooms. The main occupational hazard factors were Cl2, HCl,SiHCl3, NH3, NaOH, SiCl4,HNO3,HF, H2O4 and noise. STELs for Cl2, HCl, SiHCl3, HF were 〈0.20, 5.10,0.70, 〈0.02 mg/m^3, respectively. STEL and TWA for H2SO4 were 0.24 mg/m^3 and 〈 0.20 mg/m^3, STEL and TWA for NH3 were 6.90 mg/m^3 and 2.70 mg/m^3 ,TWA for dust was 2.40 mg/m^3, noise intensity was less than 85 dB（A）. Conclusion The occupational hazards which possibly present in the project can be prevented and controlled if all the and advice of occupational disease hazard prevention and protection are carried out.