从《世说新语》看魏晋名士对庄子精神的实践与改造

Practice and Transformation of Zhuangzi's Spirit Made by Famous Scholars in Wei and Jin Dynasties——An Analysis of New Account of Tales of the World

庄子思想在魏晋士人那里重新获得重视,将其与《周易》、《老子》并称为"三玄",成为魏晋玄学的重要组成部分,深刻影响着以嵇康、阮籍为代表的魏晋士人们。他们有的将庄子精神作为思想的依归,融入生命,用毕生来实践庄子精神。大多数则是讲庄子精神的某一方面加以发挥改造,为他们的立身处世找到理论支撑。无论如何,他们都在实践与改造着庄子精神。试从纪录魏晋士人言谈风尚和遗闻轶事的志人小说《世说新语》来探索正始、西晋、东晋三个时期的名士对庄子精神的实践和改造。

Famous scholars in Wei and Jin dynasties pay importance to Zhuangzi＇s spirit,enshrining it with the Book of Changes and Laozi as “Three Xuan/Metaphysics”.Zhuangzi＇s spirit becomes important part of metaphysics of that time and exerts great influence on famous scholars represented by Ji Kang and Ruan Ji.Some take this spirit as the home of their thoughts,merge it with their lives and practice it in their whole life.Most of them use and change one aspect of Zhuangzi＇s spirit to support their action.They all practice and transfer this spirit.This article tries to explore the practice and transformation of Zhuangzi＇s spirit in that time through the analysis of New Account of Tales of the World.