2Krahenbuhl L,seiler CA。Buchler MW,Variceal hemorrhage in portal hypertension:roleof surgery in the acute and elective situation。Schweiz Med Wochenschr,1999,24:129:631。
3adrian J,Peter C.Portal hypertension and varicealhaemorrhage.Lancet,1997,350:1235
4Andrew K, David P.Primary prevention of bleeding from esophageal varices.N Eng JMed, 1999,340:1033.
5Collins JC,Ong MJ,Rypins EB,et al.Partial portacaval shunt for varicealhemorrhage:longitudinal analysis of effectiveness.Arch Surg.1998,133:590.
6Orozco H,Mercado MA,Granados GJ,et al.Selective shunts for portalhypertension:current role of a 21- year experience.Liver Transpl Surg.1997, 3:475.
7Idezuki Y,Kakudo N,Sanjo K,et al.Sugiura procedure for management of variceal inJapan.World J Surg.1994,18:216.
8Umehara M,Onda M,Tajiri T,et al.Sclerotherapy plus Iigation versus Iigation forthe treatment of esophageal varices:a prospective randomized study.GastrointestEndosc.1999,50:7.
9Nigel D,Edward R.Complications and Iimitations of injection sclerotherapy inportal hypertension.Gut.1993,34:7.
(
10Jaime B, Juan GA, Roberto G. Current management of portal hypertension[J]. Hepatology, 2003, 38 (11): 54-68.