福建省主要港湾潮下带底栖生物生态研究

Community Ecology of Marine benthos in 8 Main Bays of Fujian

分析了福建省8个主要港湾底牺生物的种类组成、区系特点、数量分布、主要优势种分布以及底栖生物与沉积物类型的关系等。共获得461种，以软体动物种类最多，甲壳类和多毛类分别居第2和第3位，其区系特征以热带亚热带暖水性种类以及广温性种类占绝对优势。全省平均生物量56.2克／米~2；平均栖息密度179个／米~2。主要优势种有24种。在不同沉积物类型中，以砂质粉砂和粉砂质砂的种类最多，平均生物量以粘土质粉砂较大，平均栖息密度则以粉砂质砂最高。

The present paper deals with the species composition, fauna characteristics, density and biomass distribution and dominant species of maine benthos in 8 main bays of Fujian. This paper also analyses the relations between the benthos and the sediment types. All together 461 secies have been identified. Among of them 148 species belong to molluse, 101 to crustacean, 95 to polychaete,62 to fish, 35 to echinoderm and 20 t0 othe kinds. The dominant species are Musculus senhousei,Coelomactra antiquata, Pinnotheres sinensis, Amaeana trilobata, Terebellides stroemii, Prionospio pinnata, Mensamaria intercedens and Protankyra bidenata. Among of 461 identified species, most of them are tropical, subtropical warm species and distribued widely species.The average Values of biomass and density in the 8 bays are 56.2g/m^2 and 179ind/m^2, respectively.The distribution of benthos very coincides with sediment types, in the 4 kinds of different sediment, the number of species are most abundant in the sandy mud and mudy sand sediments. The biomass is the highest in the clay sand sediment, and the density also is the highest in the small grain size of sandy sediment.