“枪”词汇演化的认知理据

Cognitive Motivation of Lexical Variation of Gun

"枪"是军语体系中的基本语词之一,其词汇形式和意义的演化存在着一定的认知理据,这是军语发生认知研究的一个典型个案。"枪"范畴的形成造成了其词汇范畴的产生,导致"抢"的基本范畴词和基本意义发展了上、下级词汇和扩展意义。"枪"的一词多义、一物多词和语境变化的三种词语演化形式造成有关"枪"的词汇多义和同义现象,这需要在军语的规范化和标准化工作中得到处理。

Gun is one of the basic words in military term aggregate, and its lexical variation arises from some cognitive motivation, which is an typical individual case of a cognitive study of military terms. The establishment of Gun category is responsible for that of the lexical category, leading to a development from the basic level words to the superordinate and subordinate level words, and to an extension of its basic meaning. The three types of lexical variation of the words relating to Gun - semasiological variation, onomasiological variation and contextual variation - result in polysemants and synonyms, which need to be dealt with in the regularization and standardization of military terms.