隐喻与转喻的相互作用:模式、分析与应用

Interactions Between Metaphor and Metonymy:Models,Analyses and Applications

隐喻和转喻是人类的两种基本认知识解,通常相互作用。一些研究表明转喻似乎比隐喻更基本,是隐喻的基础或者为其提供理据,而且转喻-隐喻连续体也证实了这一点。转喻和隐喻相互作用的方式是复杂的,本文简要介绍五种主要的相互作用模式:Goossens的"隐转喻"、Radden和Barcelona的隐喻的转喻基础、Riemer的后隐喻和后转喻、Ruiz de Mendoza的概念相互作用模式以及Geeraerts的隐喻和转喻相互作用棱柱形模式,并结合汉语熟语(三字格惯用语、成语等)进行适当的延伸和应用性的分析,以更清楚地认识转喻和隐喻相互作用的不同方式。

Metaphor and metonymy are two fundamental ways of thinking and cognitive construals for human beings and they often have interactions.Some researches show that metonymy seems to be more fundamental than metaphor and the former serves as the basis and motivation for the latter.This has been proved by studies on the metonymy-metaphor continuum.As the ways of interactions are varied and complicated,this paper reviews five principal models of interaction,namely,Goossens' 'metaphtonymy',Radden and Barcelon's metonymic motivation of metaphor,Riemer's post-metaphor and post-metonymy,Ruiz de Mendoza's conceptual interaction model and Geeraerts' prismatic model,followed by extensional application of these models to some Chinese idioms in order to have a clearer understanding of the details and variations of these models.