“V起来”句作为有形态标记的话题句

The Topicalized Construction Formed by "V qi lai" with "qi lai"("起来") as a Morphological Element

对汉语中动句式的研究已经引起不少学者的注意,但是,现有的研究多从语义关系的描写入手。其中争议较大的是关于"V起来"句式的研究。国内学者多把"V起来"句式看作中动句,也有人把它看作一般的话题句。自从生成语法理论引入国内,不少学者尝试用该理论来研究汉语现象,这其中就包括对中动句式的研究。但是,把"V起来"句式看作中动句或一般话题句仍然存在着问题,也没有发现"V起来"句式的实质。本文基于Chomsky(1995)最简方案中的特征核查理论,深入探讨了"V起来"句,认为"V起来"句不是中动句,也不是一般的话题句,而是有形态标记的话题句。其中"V起来"中的"起来"是话题性语素,其功能是要求该句式话题性的强制实现。同时,文章认为,"V上去"和"V着"中的"上去"和"着"也都可以看作话题性语素。

The study of middles has attracted many researchers' attention recently,which mostly centers on the semantic relations between verbs and initial NPs.A controversial topic is the 'V qi lai' constructions in Mandarin Chinese.'V qi lai' constructions are called middles by some linguists,while some others disagree.Some researchers have tried to probe into the nature of 'V qi lai' constructions,but problems exist with their analyses.Based on Chomsky's Minimalist Program this paper argues that the 'V qi lai' construction is neither a middle construction nor a normal topic construction.Instead,it is a typical and a very special topic construction,in which 'qi lai' is a topical morpheme which forces the realization of a topic sentence.The paper also points out that there are other topical morphemes in Mandarin Chinese.For instance,'shang qu'('上去')and 'zhe'('着')can also be regarded as topical morphemes.