甲鱼、河蟹致病性气单胞菌的分离鉴定及其卫生评价研究

Isolation Identification and Hygienic Evaluation on Pathogenic Bacteria of Aeromonas from Soft-Shelled Turtle and River Crab

从江苏扬州5个人工养殖甲鱼场10只濒死甲鱼肝脏中分离到10株具有β溶血的气单胞菌,其中4株为温和气单胞菌、5株为嗜水气单胞菌、1株为易损气单胞菌,从5个人工养殖河蟹场10只频死河蟹肌肉中分离到10株具有β溶血的气单胞菌,其中5林为温和气单胞菌,4株为嗜水气单胞菌,1株为豚鼠气单胞菌。检菌株生长特性试验表明,4～37℃均能生长,最适生长温度为25℃～30℃。加热试验表明,65℃100min、90℃min能将细菌灭活。调味品杀菌试验表明,50％食醋5min能将细菌灭活,而33％加饭酒24h内对细菌无作用,提示应重视醉制生食水产品的卫生。

Ten strains of Aeromonas were separated and identified from the liver of dying softshelled turtle and the muscle of dying river crab. All of them had p-haemolysis property. From soft-shelled turtle,four strains were A. sobria.five strains were A. hydrophila and one strain was A. trota. From river crab,five strains were A- sobria,four strains were A. hydrophila and one strain was A. caviac. Studied on growth property of Aeromonas,the reasult showed that :(1) the growth temperature was from 4 to 37 C ,and the optimum temperature of 25~30C;(2)all of the bacteria died out at 65C for 10min,or at 90C for 1 min;(3)the Bacteria could be destroyed in 50% vinegar for 5min,but were resistant to 33% shaoxing yellow wine for 24 hour. As a result,we must pay attention to the food hygiene on liquor-saturated aquatic products.