听写困难儿童的整体字形加工特点

The Characteristics of Global Orthographic Processing for Children with Spelling Difficulties

听写困难是指儿童能够认读不能听写的现象。本研究以部件启动和整字启动任务中的探测字命名反应时差值,作为整体字形加工水平的指标,间接考察了听写困难儿童的整体字形加工特点。结果发现,听写对照组被试的整体字形加工在呈现时间为75 ms和300 ms时发生,而在150 ms时没有发生;听写困难组被试的整体字形加工仅在75 ms时发生,而在150 ms和300 ms时未发生。两组被试在75 ms时的整体字形加工水平之间没有显著差异。结果表明,听写困难被试仅仅在早期知觉阶段存在整体字形加工,而在词汇加工阶段的整体字形加工缺乏或延迟。

Spelling difficulties refers to the phenomenon that children who writing. The aim of the present experiment was to characterize the global orth have ograph normal reading abilities are poor in ic processing of children with spelling difficulties. Differences of reaction times between radical priming task and word priming task were used as index of global orthographic processing level. The results indicated that global orthographic processing existed when priming stimuli onset time （PSOT） were 75 ms and 300 ms, but not when PSOT was 150 ms. On the contrary, for children with spelling difficulties, global orthographic processing only existed when PSOT was 75 ms. The levels of global orthographic processing have no significant differences between the two groups. In conclusion, for children with spelling difficulties, global orthographic processing only exists in early visual processing stage, but is lack or delayed in lexical processing stages.