内分泌、遗传及运动——急性高原病发病机理、预测、诊断和干预

Endocrine,Genetics and Exercise-A Review on Mechanism of Occurrence,Prediction,Diagnosis and intervention of Acute Mountain Sickness

急性高原病(AMS)是高原暴露时因高原低氧而在数小时至数天内出现的临床综合征,症状包括头痛、恶心、食欲减退、疲倦、眼花及睡眠障碍,在高原旅居者中(>2 500 m)具有高发生率。尽管有关AMS的研究已开展百余年,其病理生理机制目前仍不明确,但已有研究表明,运动、体液潴留、睡眠时低氧血症、通气反应降低、心功能不全和遗传等在其发生中起重要作用。综述了内分泌、遗传及运动对AMS的影响,以期为AMS的预防及诊疗提供参考。

Acute Mountain Sickness （AMS） is a clinical syndrome induced by hypoxia in which occurs from hours to days when exposed in high altitude. ALMS, which is commonly encountered by travelers to high altitudes （ 〉 2500m） at a high ratio, has various symptoms＂ including headache, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, unusual fatigue, and difficulty sleeping. Although investigations on AMS have been taken for over a century, the pathophysiology of AMS remains elusive. Nevertheless, many researches have been reported that exercise, fluid retention, nocturnal hypoxemia, low ventilatory response, cardiac insufficiency and genetics have positive influences upon the mechanism of AIMS. The aim of this paper is to review the effects of endocrine, genetics and exercise on the occurrence of AMS as well as to supply reference to its prevention, diagnosis and therapy.