不同治理措施对流动沙地天然植被恢复效果的影响

Effect of Natural Vegetation Restoration on Different Controlling Measures of Shifting Sandy Land

流动沙地采取不同治理措施7 a后,天然植被恢复效果不同。①生态垫阻断了天然植被的正常演替规律,植被盖度和物种丰富度只有4.31%和3种。同期营造的人工林中,小叶锦鸡儿和侧柏林地的植被盖度和物种丰富度最高,均大大超过同期封育的流动沙地,新疆杨和欧美杨84林地的植被盖度和物种丰富度最低,沙枣和榆树林地居于中间位置。②新疆杨和欧美杨84林地植被一年生草本占绝对优势,榆树和沙枣林地多年生草本和灌木数量有所增加,侧柏和小叶锦鸡儿林地物种生活型结构已趋于多样化。③集沙观测表明,生态垫、侧柏和小叶锦鸡儿林地均无风蚀现象,欧美杨84和新疆杨林地风蚀较为严重,榆树和沙枣林地风蚀较轻。

Effects of natural vegetation restoration are different after seven years controlling measures in shifting sandy land. The results showed that the normal success rules were blocked by the ecotones in natural vegetation,and there are only 4.31% vegetation cover and 3 abundance. There was highest in the Caragana microphylla and Platycladus orientalis forest,and that in the Elaeagnus angusti folia and Ulmus pumila forest was the second, while that in the Populus alba var. pyramidalis and Populus X euramericana 84 forest is the least. The undergrowth was dominated by annual herbs in the P. alba var. pyramidalis and P. X euramerieana 84. A slight increase of the shrubs and perennial herbs were found in the E. angustlfolia and U. pumila forests. And the life-form spectra tended to diversification in the C. microphylla and P. orientalis forests. Sand-collecting observation showed that wind erosion was most serious in the P. alba var. pyramidalis and P. X euramerieana 84 forest,and that in the E. angustifolia and U. pumila forest was the second, and there was no in the C. microphylla and P. orientalis forest.