鸡西矿区矸石山基质改良研究

Study of Substrate Amendment in Coal-gangue Pile of Jixi Coal Mine

以黑龙江省鸡西煤矿区为研究区,利用鸡西本地河道清淤土和电厂粉煤灰两种固体废弃物作为改良剂进行矸石山基质改良研究。结果表明:改良后基质的pH值平均由对照的8.26下降到6.90;饱和含水率平均比对照提高了59.84%,持水时间比对照延长了11.5 d;速效氮含量达到316.05 mg/kg,比对照提高了4.38倍;速效磷含量达到24.224 mg/kg,比对照提高了43.53倍;对家榆、紫穗槐、紫花苜蓿的高生长、地径生长和冠幅增长等都有显著的促进作用。利用河道清淤土和电厂粉煤灰联合配施具有良好的基质改良效果,为东北地区矸石山基质改良提供了一条有效途径,也为固体废弃物合理再利用提出新的途径。

The research is conducted in the substrate amendment of coal-gangue pile in Jixi Coal Mine with the soil from tailrace dredging in the local rivers and coal ash from the generation plant as the soil amendment. After the amendment, the average pH value of substrate has deduced to 6.90 compared with the control pH value of 8.26 the saturated water content increases by 59.84% water holding span has prolonged by eleven and a half days available nitrogen content reaches 316.05 mg/kg,4.38 times higher than that of the control;available phosphorus content reaches 24. 224 mg/kg, 43.53times nigher than that of the control, whichgreatly motivate the growth of height, ground diameter growth and crown diameter growth of Ulmus pumilaL. , Amorpha fruticosa L. , and Medicago sativa L. Statistics and experimental result show that mixed ap- plication of tailrace dredging and coal ash from the generation plant has significant amending effects on the substrate, it is an effective access to conducting the substrate amendment to coal-gangue piles and also one of the best ways to reutilize the solid waste disposal rationally.