中国妇女人乳头状瘤病毒感染的多中心横断面研究

Human papillomavirus infection in China:a multi-centric cross-sectional study

目的调查中国女性子宫颈上皮内人乳头状瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)的感染状况。方法采用相同研究方案,在中国3个地区(山西省阳城县、广东省深圳市和辽宁省沈阳市)进行15～59岁女性人群横断面调查,收集子宫颈上皮脱落细胞,并采用GP5+/6+PCR通用引物进行HPV分型。结果2 374例受检者中HPV总感染率为16.1%,其中病理诊断异常者中HPV感染率为65.0%。HPV阳性者中,混合感染占29.0%。HPV16感染率最高(3.7%),其次分别是HPV58、52和18型。高危型HPV总感染率在城乡间没有差别,而低危型HPV总感染率城市高于农村。高危型和低危型HPV感染年龄别分布城乡差别显著。结论中国女性HPV感染率较高,除HPV16型外,HPV52和58型仍是中国特有的优势感染型别。城乡HPV感染防治策略应针对不同的城乡人群特点有所不同。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of cervical infection with human papillomavirus （HPV） in China. Methods Population-based cross-sectional study was performed in women aged 15 59 years in three cemers in China including l rural county and 2 urban areas. GP5 ＋/6 ＋ -based PCR assay was used to detect different HPV types. Results HPV prevalence was 16.1% overall and 65.0% among women with cervical abnormalities. Multiple type infections accounted for 29.0% of all infections. By far the most commonly found type was HPV16 （3.7% of all women）, followed by HPV58, 52 and 18. No significant difference was observed in prevalence of high-risk HPV infection by social economical regions. However, prevalence of low-risk HPV infection was higher in urban areas than in rural county. The age distribution of HPV infection, either high-risk or low-risk types, was significantly dif- ferent between rural and urban areas. Conclusions HPV prevalence is relatively high in China. HPV52 and 58 seem to be the prior HPV types in actdition to HPV 16, and should be emphasized enough in China. Social characteristics, including economy and culture, should be introduced to the strategy for HPV prevention.