农村老年人健康知识知晓现状及影响因素分析

Influencing factors for health care knowledge of rural elders

目的:探讨山东省农村老年人的健康知识知晓率和影响因素,为针对性地开展老年人健康教育工作提供理论依据。方法:分层随机抽样方法调查了山东省青岛、烟台、济南、潍坊、临沂、聊城六地市的60岁及以上农村老年人451例,采取面对面的访谈形式了解老年人健康知识现状并分析其影响因素。结果:农村老年人的健康知识知晓率较低;单因素分析结果显示:性别、年龄、文化程度、经济收入等因素影响农村老年人健康知识知晓率。多因素分析结果显示:文化程度、对子女帮助、日常生活能力和处世表现4个因素有统计学意义。结论:各卫生管理部门和老年卫生工作者应充分利用各种途径加强农村老年人的健康教育工作,积极宣传卫生保健知识,提高老年人的健康水平。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of awareness rate of health care knowledge for rural elders in Shandong province,in order to provide theoretical basis for health education. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to select 451 rural elders from 6 cities such as Qingdao,Yantai,Jinan and so on in Shandong Province, face--to--face interview was carried out and influencing factors of awareness rate were analyzed. Results The awareness rate of health care knowledge of rural elders was very low. Single factor analysis showed that gender, age, education background, income and other factors influence the awareness rate. Multivariate analysis showed that 4 factors including education background, support for their offspring, ADL, and life performance have statistical significance. Conclusions Health management sector and health care staffs should make full use of various ways to improve health education for rural elders,actively disseminating health knowledge so as to improve their health.