工业硅生产的热力学分析与工艺改进

TECHNOLOGY IMPROVEMENT AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDY ON PRODUCING SILICON METAL

用热力学原理分析了碳还原二氧化硅的反应体系,分别绘制了体系中存在的九个化学反应的ΔGm(?)-T图和Kp(?)-T图。分析了SiO的产生对工业硅生产的影响,并提出了解决方法。简要分析了碳还原二氧化硅的反应体系,提出了用高频炉替代电弧炉,用石英砂替代硅石和采用定向凝固的新工艺。

The chemical reactions in the system of carbothermal reduction of silicon dioxide were studied by means of ther- modynamic principles. Diagrams of Gm - T and Kpe - T for the nine chemical reactions in this system versus temperature were plotted. The effect, produced by SiO, to the silicon metal was studied, and method used to solve this problem was proposed. The system of carbothermal reduction of silicon dioxide was simplified. Three new techniques were proposed： substituting electric arc furnace by high-frequency induction furnace, substituting silica by quartz sand, applying directional solidification.