竞争供应链的结构和链内协调策略分析

Analysis of the Competitive Supply Chains' Structure and the Strategy for Supply Chain Coordination

供应链的结构及供应链竞争环境下的链内协调问题是供应链管理的核心问题。本文利用超网络方法分析供应链运作过程,建立了两条竞争供应链的超网络结构;已知产品总需求的随机分布函数,运用顾客选择理论得到每条供应链的产品需求情况;利用博弈理论和Newsvendor模型,得到了供应链竞争环境下可协调链内成员的收益共享合同。最后的算例表明:供应链协调可以提高供应链的运作效率,但协调供应链间的竞争将更激烈,可能出现囚徒困境现象。

It is a key problem to study the structure of supply chains and supply chain coordination under the environment of SC vs. SC competition. In this paper, the super-network method is used to analyze the operation process of the supply chains and construct a super-network of the supply chains. In order to decompose total demand with given distribution function, customer choice theory is adopted to acquire the demand of each supply chain. By combining game theory with Newsveudor model, we put forward a revenue-share contract, which can coordinate the behaviors of the members included in a same supply chain under the environment of SC vs. SC competition. The final example shows that coordination strategy can improve the efficiency of supply chain operation, but the competition between coordinative supply chains is so fierce that the phenomenon of Prisoners Trap may exist.