去氨加压素的不良反应

ADVERSE DRUG REACTION OF DESMOPRESSIN

目的了解和分析去氨加压素在临床应用中不良反应,促进临床合理用药。方法对使用去氨加压素共40例病例报告进行回顾性病历分析,根据患者服用去氨加压素后取得临床疗效对肝肾功能、血清离子浓度的影响,进行服药前后对比,反映该药的不良反应,并判断年龄是否为产生不良反应的重要条件。结果调查统计显示肾功能异常中尿素氮(BUN)占50%,肌酐(Cr-2)占50%;肝功能异常中谷草转氨酶(AST)占12.5%,谷丙转氨酶(ALT)占25%,r-谷氨酰转肽酶(r-GT)占12.5%,甘油三酯(TRIG)占12.5%;而血清离子浓度异常中钠离子浓度异常占47.50%,低钾占32.50%。结论去氨加压素会引起低钠血症和(或)低钾血症,导致电解质紊乱,也有可能造成肝肾功能损害。去氨加压素引起不良反应的发生率随患者年龄增大而相对升高,因此在临床用药时应注意患者的肝肾功能和血清离子浓度。

Objective To study the adverse drug reaction（ADR） of desmopressin（DDAVP） in clinical application, improving clinical medication. Methods 40 cases taking DDAVP were received and studied these cases on hepatonephric function and ion concentration before and after therapy. Also analyzed whether age is an important factor Contributed to ADR. Results The result of the research show that the patients in renal dysfunction which urea nitrogen（BUN） covered 50%, creatinine-2（ Cr- 2） 50%, and the patients in hepatic dysfunction which aspartate aminotransferase（AST） covered 12.5%, alanine aminotransferase（ALT） 25%, r - glutamyltranspeptidase peptidase （ r - GT） 12.5%, triglycerides（TRIG） 12.5%. There is 47.50% patients with a serum sodium level not in 135 - 145mmol/L. There is 32.50% patients with a serum kalium level below 3.5mmol/L. Conclusion DDAVP may cause electrolyte imbalance including hyponatremia and hypokalemia. It may damage hepatonephric function. In the research, occurrence rate of adverse drug reaction of Desmopressin increase with age. We should pay more attention to the patients＇ hepatonephric function and ion concentration.