广东与湖南养殖鳜群体随机扩增多态DNA研究

Study of Farmed Mandarin Fish(Siniperca chuatsi Baslesky) Stocks in Guangdong and Hunan Province by Random- Amplified Polymorphic DNA

采用RAPD技术对广东和湖南养殖鳜群体进行了遗传多样性分析。从40个随机引物中筛选出22个有效引物,共扩增产生289条RAPD标记片段,广东养殖群体共产生155条扩增片段,湖南养殖群体共产生134条扩增片段,有122条带为两群体共有。广东和湖南养殖群体内平均遗传距离分别为0.063 3和0.062 9,两群体间遗传距离为0.129 9。广东和湖南养殖群体Shannon多样性值分别为0.069 0和0.072 3,多态座位比例分别为25.16%和10.15%。与脊椎动物平均多态座位比例比较,发现其遗传多样性并不很丰富。因此,需要在生产过程中要采取行之有效的管理措施以避免或减少遗传多样性水平的降低,确保鳜养殖业的可持续发展。

RAPD method was used in analyzing the genetic diversity of two stocks of farmed mandarin fish. Forty random primers were used for the analysis of nuclear DNA polymorphism of two stocks. The results showed that twenty-two primers were effective with 289 bands were obtained by the experiment. Among them, 155 bands were acquired from Guangdong stock, while 134 bands from Hunan stock. Two stocks shared 122 bands. According to the pattern, the average inter-stock genetic distance of Guangdong stock is 0.063 3, while Hunan stock 0.062 9. The intra-stock genetic distance between two stocks is 0.129 9. Values of Shannon diversity of Guangdong stock and Hunan stock were 0.069 0 and 0.072 3 respectively. The percentage of polymorphic loci of Guangdong stock is 25.16 %, a little higher than the average percentage of vertebrate （24.7 %）. The percentage of polymorphic loci of Hunan stock is 10.15 % with 14.55 % lower than Guangdong stock and vertebrate. These results suggest that diversity of two stocks is not good. As a result, it implied that effective husbandry and management measures must be taken to avoid reduction of genetic diversity so as to enable the sustainable development of the mariculture.