肿瘤患者食疗行为相关问卷调查的探索

Preliminary Study about the Questionnaire Survey on Cancer Patients' Behaviors related to Diet Therapy

目的:恶性肿瘤患者对于饮食治疗的态度、意愿、接受程度等相关行为的调查。方法:采用问卷式现状调查的定性与定量研究相结合方法。结果:被调查者中分别有86.0%(86,100)和83.2% (84/101)的患者表示愿意接受食疗医嘱和医院提供的食疗;已退休的患者比未退休的患者更愿意接受医院提供的食疗,分别为86.6%(71/82)、57.1%(8/14);在完全接受食疗的人群中,中、老年所占的比例更大分别是93.3%(28/30)、82.O%(50/61);不存在饮食障碍的患者对于食疗的需要性更高,85.1% (57/67);收入水平越高的人群对于食疗知识越了解,P值=0.082;男性患者希望通过食疗能够提高营养的人数更多,而女性患者更希望通过食疗获得心理方面的支持,二者比较具有统计学差异;患肿瘤小于半年的人群中对于食疗花费偏少,病程大于5年的患者愿意更多在食疗方面有更多的投入,具有显著的统计学差异;社会客观支持度越低食疗花费越少,支持度越高食疗花费越多,p值=0.051。结论:此次调查显示,门诊肿瘤患者中绝大多数愿意接受饮食治疗,食疗的接受度与知识水平、收入水平呈正相关,食疗的应用程度与知识水平呈正相关,对于食疗的预期效果,男、女方面存在认识上的差别,病程长的患者承受食疗花费的水平更高。进一步的结论尚需今后深入的调查。

To investigate the attitude, desire, acceptance degree and other related behaviors of the cancer pa- tients towards diet therapy. [Methods] Adopting the status quo questionnaire survey, with the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. [Results] Among all the patients, 83.2% （84/101） of them would like to take the diet therapy provided by hospitals. The retirants expressed stronger desires to take the diet therapy than the in-service persons. Among the middle-aged group and the aged group, most of the patients would like to take diet therapy com- pletely. The ratios are 93.3% （28/30） and 82.0% （50/61）, respectively. The diet therapy is sorely needed by the patients who have no feeding disorders and the ratio is 85.1% （57/67）. People with a higher income have much more knowledge about diet therapy and the P value is 0.082. The male patients wish to improve nutrition by diet therapy, while the female patients wish to obtain mental supports. The patients who suffered from cancers more than 5 years would like to spend more money on diet therapy. [Conclusion] Most of the cancer outpatients would like to take diet therapy. Their acceptance degree of diet therapy has a positive correlation with their knowledge and income level. The diet therapy has a good application future in the department of Oncology.