细辛精油和4种化学药剂对黄瓜灰霉病菌的抑制作用

The Antifungal Activity of Asarum Essential Oils and Four Chemical Pharmacons on the Cucumber Grey Mould Pathogen

采用菌丝生长速率法及孢子萌发法分别测定了细辛精油和4种化学药剂(30%嘧霉胺EC、50%双福生WP、75%百菌清WP、70%正品甲津托WP)对引起黄瓜灰霉病的灰葡萄孢菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制作用。结果表明,供试药剂对灰葡萄孢菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发均有抑制作用,且对孢子萌发的抑制效果明显好于对菌丝生长的抑制效果;百菌清对灰葡萄孢菌菌丝生长的抑菌效果最好,EC50为1.6231mg/L;双福生对灰葡萄孢菌孢子萌发的抑制效果最好,EC50为0.0042mg/L;细辛精油对黄瓜灰葡萄孢菌的抑菌效果与其他4种化学药剂相比效果较差,对菌丝生长的EC50为159.580mg/L,对孢子萌发的EC50为71.1840mg/L,虽然其EC50偏高,但作为纯植物提取物,其抑菌中浓度低于160mg/L。

The effects of asarum essential oils and four chemical pharmacons （30% pyrimethanil EC, 50 % thiram WP, 75 % chlorothalonil WP and 70 % Topsin-M WP） on hyphae growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea were studied in this research. The growth rate method and spores germination method were used to determine the activities. The results showed that the asarum essential oils and four chemical pharmacons have significant antibacterial effects on tested pathogens, while their effects on spores germination were greater than those on hyphae growth. The effect of chlorothalonil on hyphae growth of Botrytis cinerea was the best,EC50 = 1. 623 1 mg/L. The effect of thiram on spores germination of Botrytis cinerea was the best, EC50 = 0. 004 2 mg/L. The effects of asarum essential oils on hyphae growth and spores germination of Botrytis cinerea were not better than those of the four chemical pharmacofis. But EC50〈160 mg/L. This interpreted that the effect of asarum essential oils on Botrytis cinerea was greater.