基于形态特征的泥鳅染色体倍性分析

Evaluation of Polidy of Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) Based on Morphological Characters

为了寻求一种简便且实用的鱼类染色体倍性检测方法,本研究对二倍体与四倍体泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)的18个可量性状和5个鳍式进行了比较分析。结果发现,2种核型的泥鳅的可量性状比例存在诸多差异(如体长/头长、体长/吻长、体长/尾柄高、头长/体高、头长/吻长、头长/尾柄高、眼后头长/吻长、尾柄长/尾柄高等)。判别函数分析结果表明,利用所有具有极显著性差异的比例变量的最高区分准确率为93.4%,而仅利用头长/尾柄高和头长/吻长的比例组合区分的准确度为91.3%。因此,头长/尾柄高和头长/吻长的比例差异可作为区分二倍体和四倍体泥鳅的主要形态标记。

Most of the existing methods for detecting polidy of fish are based on cytological tech- niques, such as karyotyping, flow cytometry, etc. However, these methods cannot be applied on aquaculture farm. In search for an easy and practical morphological method, 18 parameters and five fin formulae of diploid and tetraploid loach （Misgurnus anguillicaudatus） were compared. The results showed that there are many significant variables（body length/head length, body length/snout length, body length/ depth of caudal peduncle,head length/depth of caudal peduncle, head length/body depth, head length/ snout length,postorbital length of head/snout length,length of caudal peduncle/depth of caudal peduncle, etc. ） between diploids and tetraploids. Analysis of discriminant-function revealed a classification accuracy of 93.4% with all of the most significant variables while the same was found to be 91.3% if we only use HL/CPD and HL/SL as parameter for discrimination. So the latter can be used for the preliminary discrimination of the either ploidy level loach from a mixed collection of the fish.