黑小麦籽粒灌浆动态变化研究

Dynamic Changes of Grain Filling in Black-kernel Wheat

运用三次多项式对黑小麦灌浆过程中籽粒体积、鲜重和干重的动态变化进行了研究,探讨了黑小麦籽粒灌浆特性。结果表明:黑小麦材料蓝粒58和紫选1号小麦的有效灌浆期较对照小麦品种京冬8号长。参试的3个小麦材料除籽粒体积动态变化差异较大外,鲜重和干重的动态变化差异较小。蓝粒58和紫选1号的百粒体积的平均增长速率、最大增长速率和籽粒干重的增长均低于对照小麦京冬8号。蓝粒58和紫选1号小麦快速增长期期间有相似的变化曲线。通过育种改良或采取有效栽培措施以提高黑小麦灌浆速度,缩短持续时间,是今后在育种和栽培上能更好的发挥黑小麦的产量潜力和优势的一个有效途径。

The aim of the research is to analyze the grain filling dynamic changes of black-kernel wheat, and further give suggestions to the black kernel wheat breeding and cultivation. The grain volume,the fresh weight and the dry weight dynamic changes of Blue grain No. 58,Purple selection No. 1 and Jingdong No. 8 （CK） were investigated,and then simulated by the cubic multinomial equation. The result indicated that the grain filling period of two black kernel wheats was longer than that of CK. The differences of dynamic change in fresh weight and dry weight were smaller than in grain volume among the three varieties. The maximum and average increasing rates of grain volume and grain dry weight in black kernel wheat were smaller than in CK. Blue grain No. 58 and Purple selection No. 1 presented the similar dynamic change curve during the fast grain-filling period. For the breeding and cultivation of black kernel wheat, it is important to improve the grain filling rate and shorten the grain filling period.