不同权利视角下的社会救助

The social assistance in different angles of right

救助缘于权利，然而权利的性质不同导致救助的性质和特点也不同。建立在一般人权理念基础上的救助是道义性救助，其特点是主观性评价的随意性和污名效应；建立在公民权利基础上的是制度性救助，其特点是规范性和科学性；在公共权利诉求下的是基本公共品保障，由此决定了基本公共福利对社会救助辅助作用。由吉登斯提出的新公民权理论将权利与义务统一起来，从而奠定了积极救助的制度导向。

The assistance derives from rights while different nature of rights lead to virous nature and characteristics. Moral assistance is established on the normal foundation of human rights with the characteristics of casualness in subjective evaluation and imputation effect. Systematical assistance, based on civil rights, is standard and scientific. Fundamental public guarantee appealed by public rights decides the complemental process of social assistance supplemented by essential public welfare. Proposed by Giddens, the new civil rights theory unify the rights and responsibility, revealing the systematical direction of oositive assistance development.