胎儿和围生儿先天性心脏病的临床病理分析(附243例报告)

The pathological and clinical analysis of the congenital cardiovascular malformations in 243 cases of fetal and perinatal antopsy

目的探讨胎儿及围生儿先天性心脏病的病理特点。方法对243例先天性心脏病的胎儿及围生儿进行尸检分析。结果胎儿及围生儿先心病检出率为19.6%,其中城区占24.4%,居各类畸形之首,常见的依次为婴儿型主动脉缩窄、心室发育不良、单干动脉及完全性大动易位等;乡镇占15.3%,居各类畸形的第2位。致死性畸形城区多于乡镇;复合畸形乡镇多于城区。结论城区(北京市)先心病的检出率高于乡镇地区(吕梁地区),且检出率与孕周有关。

Objective To investigate the incidence of congenital malformations of the circulatory system through pathological autopsy on the base of city （Beijing） and the rural area （Luliang district of Shanxi）. Methods 243 cases with congenital malformations of the circulatory system were obtained from 1239 cases of perinatal autopsy which were collected from Beijing and Shanxi. Results The mean incidence of congenital malformations of the circulatory system were 19.6%. It was 24.4% in Beijing, which was most common in all kinds of congenital malformations. The common deformity were coractation of aorta, hypoplastic right or left heart syndrome, persistent truncus arteriosus and complete transposition of great vessels in sequence. It was 15.3% in rural area of the Luliang district, which was the second common congenital malformation. The fetal malformations of Beijing were more than that of the rural. The complex malformations of the rural were more common than that in Beijing. Conclusions The congenital malformation of the circulatory system is one of the important factors which influence the quality of population in China. The incidence and importance of it in the city are both higher than those in the rural