云南哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林树种萌生特征研究

Sprouting characteristics of sprouted woody plants in the mid-mountain humid evergreen broad-leaved forest on Ailao Mountain, Yunnan Province

在云南省哀牢山徐家坝地区选择保存完好的原生林与20多年前受到砍伐的森林两种类型的样地。通过调查其中各树种的更新方式和萌生状况,探讨该地区砍伐林的主要恢复途径、树种的萌生特征。结果表明,在种子萌发、地面萌生和地上萌生三种更新方式中,地上萌生所占的比例最大,尤其是变色锥、木果柯、蒙自连蕊茶等树种。在砍伐林中,<0.5m残桩上的萌枝数量显著高于1～2m以及≥2m高的残桩;萌生位置距地面高度与全株高度之比(以下简称萌高比)<0.1处所具有的萌枝数量显著高于其它位置;而在原生林中,残桩高度对萌枝数量无影响,萌高比<0.1处所具有的萌枝数量显著高于萌高比为0.5～0.9处的。

Two types of sample plot,the forest logged 20 years ago and undamaged primary forest,have been chosen at Ailao Mountain Xujiaba area in Yunnan Province. By conducting the regeneration way of different species, sprout conditions, the approach of vegetation restoration of this area and the influencing factors of sprouting ability were discussed. The results showed that among seedlings, aboveground sprouts and basal sprouts,the aboverground sprouts took the largest proportion, especially Castanopsis rufescens ,Lithocarpus xylocarpus and Camellia forrestii. In the logged forest, the ramets number of the stubs that shorter than 0. 5 m was significantly more than the stubs which were 1-2 m high and higher than 2 m. However, there are no significant differences between stubs with different heights in the primary forest; in the logged forest, the lowest place of the sprouts occurrence（less than 1/10）has significant more sprouts than other places ; in the primary forest, the lowest place of the sprouts occurrence has significant more sprouts than the places where between 0.5 and 0.9 of the main stems. Reasons of these phenomena are that shorter stumps or the lower place of the stumps can absorb the nutrient from the soil and root more easily.